Taller

 21 DE ABRIL

- 11: La clase empezó presentando los diálogos oralmente que se terminaron las clase pasada.

- Y se empezó el taller sobre el REPORTED SPEECH. (A continuación vas a encontrar la explicación del tema y el taller)

Reported Speech

El estilo indirecto se utiliza para reportar lo que otra persona dijo sin repetir sus palabras exactas. La clave es entender que, al reportar algo, el mensaje suele estar "más lejos" en el pasado que cuando se dijo originalmente.

1. La Regla del "Backshift"

Cuando el verbo introductorio está en pasado (He said, She told me), el tiempo verbal de la frase original debe retroceder un paso:

Tiempo Original (Directo)	Tiempo Reportado (Indirecto)	Ejemplo
Present Simple	Past Simple	"I need help" $\rightarrow$ He said he needed help.
Present Continuous	Past Continuous	"She is sleeping" $\rightarrow$ He said she was sleeping.
Past Simple	Past Perfect	"We bought it" $\rightarrow$ They said they had bought it.
Present Perfect	Past Perfect	"I have lost" $\rightarrow$ She said she had lost.
Will	Would	"I will go" $\rightarrow$ He said he would go.
Can	Could	"I can sing" $\rightarrow$ He said he could sing.

2. Cambios en Referencias Temporales y de Lugar

Si alguien dijo "aquí" ayer, hoy para ti es "allí". Debes ajustar estas expresiones:

• Today $\rightarrow$ That day

• Now $\rightarrow$ Then / At that moment

• Yesterday $\rightarrow$ The day before / The previous day

• Tomorrow $\rightarrow$ The next day / The following day

• Next week $\rightarrow$ The following week

• Here $\rightarrow$ There / This $\rightarrow$ That

3. Reportando Preguntas (Wh- y Yes/No)

• Yes/No Questions: Usamos el conector if o whether. El orden vuelve a ser de afirmación (Sujeto + Verbo).

• "Do you like tea?" $\rightarrow$ He asked if I liked tea.

• Wh- Questions: Usamos la palabra interrogativa (where, what, why). No usamos auxiliares como do/does.

• "Where is Mark?" $\rightarrow$ She asked where Mark was.

Taller

I. Transformación de Oraciones Afirmativas y Negativas

Reescribe las siguientes oraciones en estilo indirecto aplicando el "backshift" correspondiente.

1. "I am very busy today," said David.
   David said that ___________________________________________________________

2. "We have visited London twice," they told us.
   They told us that _________________________________________________________

3. "I will finish the report tomorrow," Sarah promised.
   Sarah promised that _______________________________________________________

4. "The students don't understand the lesson," the teacher said.
   The teacher said that ______________________________________________________

5. "I can't find my passport here," Mike complained.
   Mike complained that ______________________________________________________

II. Interrogative Form

Convierte estas preguntas a estilo indirecto. Presta atención al orden de las palabras.

6. "Where do you live?" the policeman asked me.
   The policeman asked me ____________________________________________________

7. "Did you see the movie yesterday?" my friend asked.
   My friend asked ___________________________________________________________

8. "Why is she crying?" I asked myself.
   I asked myself ___________________________________________________________

9. "Can you help me with this box?" the old lady asked him.
   The old lady asked him ____________________________________________________

III. Commands

Usa la estructura "told/asked + person + to/not to + verb".

10. "Don't touch the paintings!" the guard told the kids.
    The guard told the kids ___________________________________________________

11. "Please, sit down," the doctor said to me.
    The doctor asked me ______________________________________________________

IV. Rewrite into Reported Speech

Imagina que estas frases fueron dichas ayer y ahora las estás reportando. Recuerda aplicar el backshift verbal y cambiar las expresiones de tiempo y lugar.

1. "I am waiting for the bus now," said Julia.

• Reported: _________________________________________________

2. "We have already seen this movie," they told us.

• Reported: _________________________________________________

3. "I will help you with your luggage tomorrow," Tom said to me.

• Reported: _________________________________________________

4. "Did you finish the report yesterday?" the boss asked him.

• Reported: _________________________________________________

5. "Where are you going for your holidays?" she asked me.

• Reported: _________________________________________________

6. "Don't touch the oven, it's hot!" my mother warned me.

• Reported: _________________________________________________

7. "I can speak three languages fluently," Carlos mentioned.

• Reported: _________________________________________________

- 9 y 10: Se terminó el taller de PRESENTE Y PASADO SIMPLE,

y se despejaron dudas sobre los temas (Este taller tiene nota).